| DOI: https://doi.org/10.14456/mujps.2016.22 | Pharm Sci Asia 2016; 43(4), 193-202 |
Antiproliferative effect on breast cancer cells of seed proteins from Momordica charantia L.S. Thubthed, W. Jiratchariyakul*, T. Kummalue, N. Sinchaipanid
1 Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400,Thailand
2 Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University,Bangkok 10700, Thailand
3 Department of Pharmaceutical Industry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
Thai bitter gourd or Marakhenok (Momordica charantia L.), a common vegetable in Thailand, has also been used as traditional medicine. The ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs), a group of plant enzymes inhibiting polypeptide chain elongation in the RNA, are found in this plant. These proteins possess several bioactivities such as antiviral, antidiabetic, antibacterial and cytotoxic properties. The RIPs in Momordica charantia seed were extracted with normal saline and purified by precipitating with varying concentrations of ammonium sulfate solution; they were 0-30%, 30-60% and 60-90% respectively. The protein fractions of 0-30%, 30-60% and 60-90% ammonium sulfate saturation were obtained and tested for antiproliferative activity on breast cancer cell lines (MCF7 and T47D, both ER+), comparing with MRK29, the major protein isolated from 30-60% protein fraction. The antiproliferative effect of the crude proteins, 0-30%, 30-60%, 60-90% protein fractions and MRK29 had the following ED50 values on MCF7 of 221.4?4.89, 175.08?4.75, 255.19?7.12, 237.08?16.92, and 228.49?16.02 ?g/ml, respectively and on T47D of 232.56?1.95, 118.78?9.26, 215.96?8.59, 175.31?7.49 and 154.46?30.29 ?g/ml, respectively. The proteins affected the fibroblast cell, a normal cell control, with ED50 values of 545.74?48.62, 88.10?2.71, 453.74?50.60, and 587.25?29.70 and 358?114.18 ?g/ml, respectively. The colony assay on T47D was performed to prove that the antiproliferative effect of Momordica seed proteins caused the cell death.
Keyword:
Momordica charantia L., Marakhenok, ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs), antiproliferative effect on breast cancer cell lines, Momordica seed proteins
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